Deformation is inevitable, we can take corresponding countermeasures from the following four aspects to prevent and reduce the deformation of mechanical parts.
If the workpiece deformation problem occurs during machining, it will directly affect the production quality of the product, and even lead to the scrap of the workpiece, which will seriously damage the economic benefits of the enterprise and weaken its core competitiveness. It can be seen that it is particularly important to prevent deformation of machining workpiece effectively. In this paper, the causes and preventive measures of workpiece deformation in machining are analyzed to comprehensively improve the overall quality of machining products.
Any mechanical equipment is composed of a large number of processing parts, any workpiece failure or problems will affect the normal use of the whole mechanical products. There is the possibility of workpiece deformation in machining workpiece, once the workpiece deformation will directly affect the quality of product production. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and summarize the influencing factors of deformation in the processing of mechanical workpiece, formulate a reasonable processing plan, take scientific preventive measures, and constantly improve the production quality of mechanical products.
Design:
Design should not only consider the strength of parts, but also pay attention to the stiffness of parts and manufacturing, assembly, use, disassembly, repair and other issues.
processing:
In the processing to take a series of technological measures to prevent and reduce deformation, the blank to be aging to eliminate its residual internal stress; There are two kinds of aging, natural aging and artificial aging. Natural aging can store the blank in the open air for 1~2 years, because the internal stress of blank material gradually disappears in 12 ~ 20 months, and its aging effect is the best. The disadvantage is that the aging period is too poor. Artificial aging can eliminate internal stress through high temperature annealing, heat preservation and slow cooling. Vibration can also be used for artificial aging. High precision parts must be artificially aged in the process of finishing.
Repair：
In the repair, it is necessary to meet the technical requirements such as the size, accuracy and surface quality of the recovered parts, as well as check and repair the shape and position tolerance of the main parts. In order to minimize the parts in the repair process of stress and deformation, should be developed and deformation related standards and repair specifications, design simple and reliable, easy to use special measuring tools and fixtures.
Use：
Strengthen equipment management, formulate and strictly implement operating procedures, strengthen the inspection and maintenance of mechanical equipment, do not overload operation, avoid local overload or overheating, etc.
Reasonable choice of clamping method
Generally speaking, the clamping method of different workpiece processing deformation produced by the influence is not the same. Therefore in the process of the actual processing, the relevant processing enterprise must adhere to the design principle of datum line overlap each other, choose artifacts for locating surface contact area of the largest surface, eliminate risk factors, which influence the stability of workpiece processing overall stay clear locating surface and then choose the clamping point, ensure the locating and clamping point between points corresponding to each other, In a real sense, the support force and clamping force can be offset each other to achieve the goal of obtaining suitable clamping force and prevent internal stress in the workpiece.
At the same time, the clamping force is deeply affected by two factors, indicating that during the specific processing period, the clamping force needs to strictly follow the corresponding operation process, do not randomly change the operation order, to ensure the clamping firmness, to avoid workpiece deformation.
Pay attention to the optimization of processing links
In order to reduce the problems existing in the machining process of the workpiece, such as deformation, processing personnel need to optimize the design of the machining link, special attention should be paid to the analysis and optimization of the parameters used in the processing.
