What are the characteristics between the main materials chosen by manufacturers of mechanical parts
Steel and cast iron are the most common part materials used by manufacturers of mechanical parts in manufacturing, followed by non-ferrous metal alloys. Plastic, rubber and other non-metallic materials are also widely used in machinery manufacturing, and are also widely used in machinery parts manufacturers
Metal materials mainly refer to cast iron and steel in the machinery parts manufacturer which are iron carbon alloys. The difference between them mainly lies in the difference of carbon content. Iron carbon alloy with carbon content less than 2% is called steel, and iron with carbon content more than 2% is called cast iron
The commonly used cast irons in mechanical parts manufacturers include gray cast iron, ductile cast iron, malleable cast iron, alloy cast iron, etc. Among them, gray cast iron and ductile iron are brittle materials, which are not easy to roll and forge, and are not easy to weld, but have proper fusibility and good liquid fluidity, so they can be cast into complex shaped parts. Gray cast iron has high compressive strength, wear resistance, good vibration damping, low sensitivity to stress concentration, low price, but its tensile strength is worse than that of steel. In machinery parts manufacturers, gray cast iron is usually used for frames or shell seats. Ductile cast iron has higher strength than gray cast iron and certain plasticity. Ductile cast iron can replace cast steel and forged steel to manufacture crankshafts, camshafts, oil pump gears, valve bodies, etc.
Steel has high strength and good plasticity. It can process various machinery parts manufacturers through rolling, forging, stamping, welding and casting, and improve mechanical properties through heat treatment and surface treatment. Therefore, it is widely used in parts manufacturers. According to the use, steel can be divided into structural steel, tool steel and special-purpose steel
Structural steel can be used in mechanical parts manufacturers and various engineering structures. Tool steel can be used to manufacture various tools, molds, etc. Special purpose steel, stainless steel, heat-resistant steel and corrosion-resistant steel are mainly used for special working conditions. According to chemical composition, steel can be divided into carbon steel and alloy steel. The properties of carbon steel mainly depend on the carbon content. The higher the carbon content, the higher the strength but the lower the plasticity. Carbon steel includes ordinary carbon structural steel and high-quality carbon structural steel.
In machinery parts manufacturers， ordinary carbon structural steel usually only guarantees mechanical strength but not chemical composition, so it should not be heat treated. It is usually used for less important parts and mechanical structures in mechanical parts manufacturers. Because the performance of carbon steel mainly depends on its carbon content, generally the carbon content of low-carbon steel is less than 0.25%, its strength limit and yield limit are low, its plasticity is high, and its weldability is good. It is usually used to manufacture screws, nuts, washers and weldments.
